Adilabad District

Adilabad district is a district located in the northern region of Telangana, India. It is known as the gateway district to South and Central India. The district derives its name from Adilabad, its headquarters town which was named after the ruler of Bijapur, Ali Adil Shah. Historically, Adilabad was known as Edlabad during the rule of Qutub Shahis. It is located about 304 kilometres (189 mi) north of the state capital, Hyderabad, 150 kilometres (93 mi) from Nizamabad and 196 kilometres (122 mi) from Nagpur. 

Originally this was not full fledged district but a sub-district named Sirpur-Tandur which was created in A.D. 1872 with Edlabad (Adilabad), Rajura and Sirpur as its constituent talukas . In 1905, an independent district with headquarters at Adilabad was formed. 

Due to the district’s reorganization in October 2016, Adilabad was divided into four districts: Adilabad, KumramBheem Asifabad district, Mancherial district, and Nirmal district.

Headquarters: Adilabad
Nick Name : White Gold City
Languages: Telugu, Urdu, Marathi, and Lambadi, gondi 
Area: 4,153 sq km 
Population: 7,08,972 which accounts for 3.13% of the total population of the State. 
Literacy Rate: 63.46% 
Block or Mandals: 18 
Villages: 508 
Revenue Divisions : Adilabad and Utnoor
Municipality: 1
One District One Product (ODOP) :  Soya based products- Soya milk, Soya tofu, Soya curd
Rivers : Penganga
Economy : Agriculture, minerals, forests, exports
Minerals : laterite, black granite, coal, manganese, limestone, quartz, clay and road metal.

Geography
Adilabad is 2nd largest district in Telangana region, the first being Mahaboobnagar district.
The city is situated on a well-forested plateau some 2,000 feet (600 metres) high between the Godavari (south) and Penganga (north) rivers. It is an agricultural trade centre, connected with Hyderabad and with Nagpur in Maharashtra state to the north by a national highway. 

The Geo Coordinates of the district are Latitude: 19° 40′ 12.00″ N, Longitude: 78° 31′ 48.00″ E. It is bordered to the north by the Yavatmal district, to the northeast by the Chandrapur district, to the east by the Asifabad district, to the southeast by the Mancherial district, to the south by the Nirmal district, and to the west by the Nanded district of the Maharashtra state.

Economy
Main source of economy in Adilabad is agriculture. Agriculture, minerals, forests, exports - all these join together to make the economy of Adilabad.  Adilabad is coming up at a fast pace economically. However, the district as such is among India's 250 most backward ones and is receiving funds from Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).

Crops produced are jowar, paddy, cotton, wheat, maize, chillies, sugarcane, soya. However, horticulture assumes an important place as it gives supplementary source of income to farmers here. They grow fruits, vegetables and flowers, medicinal plants etc. Mulberry cultivation is also carried out in this region. Cotton cultivation tops the list, though. This is why Adilabad is also known as 'city of cotton'.

Another crop grown in Adilabad is ground nut. Oil is extracted from groundnuts and sold commercially. Agarbatti manufacturing units, wood based industries (furniture making, for instance), leather tanning industries, bakery products and bone mills for exporting various products, Ready made garments (in Adilabad and Mancherial area) and agrobased units like vermiceilli, dal mills, banana chips, fish feeds also contribute to the economy of Adilabad.

Teak and ebony are commercially lumbered in the region.  Agriculture and mining are significant in the regional economy. Rice, sorghum, and wheat rank among the major crops, coal, talc, and limestone are mined. 

Adilabad is famous for its rich cultivation of cotton. Hence, Adilabad is also referred as "White Gold City" is a great place for nature lovers and for history buffs because it is home to thick forests, cascading waterfalls, a diverse population of fauna and also boasts of a long dynastic past.


Food Crops in Adilabad
The soil in this region is black cotton soil which aids the cultivation of food crops as well as non food crops. Cotton is grown in abundance and sold in Maharashtra and other neighbouring states. Other crops grown here include maize, jowar and pulses. Sunflower, soya bean, green gram and black gram are also grown here.

Tourism 
Rural Tourism, Ecotourism and Adventure Tourism
Situated In Mavala Reserved Forest adjoining Adilabad Town along NH-44 spreading in an area of 1000 Acres. Special Attractions : Kids Play Zone, Party Zone, Relaxation AND Rejuvenation Zone, Nature Education Zone, Conservation Zone, Adventure Zone: sky cycling, zipping and rope course, Boating, Nature Walk, Jungle Safari, Bird Watching, Watch Tower, Canopy Walk, Cafeteria, Jungle Shop, Picnic Zone, Pay Homage to Forest Matyrs

Kuntala Waterfalls located near Kuntala Khurd village, Neradigonda mandal
Kuntala Waterfalls is the highest waterfalls in the State with a height of 150 meters offers a spectacular sight particularly when the river is flush with copious inflows. The winter months are ideal for witnessing the waterfalls, as one can also see the river in all its glory. There is an image of Lord Shiva near the water falls known as Someshwara Swami.

Adilabad Khandala Hill Station and Waterfalls
For nature lovers who find Adilabad’s famous waterfalls a little too crowded, the quiet Khandala-Lohara valley encompassing pristine vegetation could serve as a perfect getaway. Located about 25 km from Adilabad district headquarters, it encompasses four little known waterfalls in addition to some vantage points which give a view of the picturesque valley.

Kanaki Waterfalls  located near a small village called Girnoor of the Bazarhatnoor Mandal

Pochera Wateralls located near Pochera Village, Boath Mandal, Adilabad District 

Gayatri Waterfalls a less known water body is situated on Kadam River away from the human eye, waterfalls found its habitat in a remote place inside a deep tropical forest. It is approximately 5 km from Tarnam Khurd village, near Neredigonda Mandal of Adilabad district

Cultural Tourism and Heritage Tourism 
Adilabad, a treasure trove of tribal culture The district has enormous potential for culture tourism thanks to its nearly 3.5 lakh adivasi population who continue to latch on to its glorious traditions. The major tribal groups in the area are the Adivasis: Gonds, Kolams, Pardhans, and Thotis.


Religious Tourism

Shopping Tourism

Music
Kingri also known as Khikri, is a unique string instrument as its three strings and the bowstring are made of horse hair. The younger generation of Pardhan Adivasis, who function as bards of the Gonds preserving their myths and stories through singing, are moving away from tradition

Transportation
NH44 National Highway 44 (NH 44), (previously National Highway 7), is the longest-running major north–south National Highway in India. It starts from Srinagar and terminates in Kanyakumari; the highway passes through the states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.

NH-44 starts in Telangana on Krishna River Tribuary Tungabhadra River which is a border with Andhrapradesh, crosses Krishna River, Godavari river and ends in Telangana at Godavari Tributary Penganga River which is a border with Maharashtra.

National Highway 353B, or NH-353B is a national highway in India.It is a spur road of National Highway 53. It traverses the states of Maharashtra and Telangana in India.

South Central Railway zone
Adilabad railway station (station code: ADB) is located at Adilabad town of Adilabad district, in the Indian state of Telangana. It is under the administration of Nanded railway division of South Central Railway zone.

Proposal
Sep 8, 2023 : Patancheruvu (Nagalapalli) to Adilabad New Railway Line FLS Sanctioned at  ₹5,706 crore, 317 km line is likely to connect several important towns like Nirmal, Armoor, Bodhan, Banswada, Sangareddy etc. along the new railway line.

Rivers
The important river that flow through the district is Penganga and its tributaries Sathnala river (Mathadi vagu, Metta vagu), Gomutri vagu, Jella vagu, Nallantiya vagu, Khagdur vagu.

Painganga or Penganga
Origin : Ajantha ranges in Aurangabad district in Maharashtra
Outflow : Penganga converges into Wardha River near a small village called Wadha in Chandrapur taluka of Chandrapur district. Wardha River flows into Pranhita River which is part of Godavari river basin
Acts as a border between Maharashtra and Adilabad district in Telangana.
Telangana Start : Guledi, Tamsi Mandal, Adilabad district
Telangana End : Mangrool, Bela Mandal, Adilabad district 

Pengana tributaries in Telangana
  1. Gomutri Vagu joins  Penganga River near Gomutri, Tamsi Mandal, Adilabad district, Telangana State, India
  2. Jella Vagu joins Penganga River near Wadoor, Bheempur Mandal, Adilabad district, Telangana State, India
  3. Satnala or Sathnala River joins Penganga River near Pendalwada village, Jainad Mandal in Adilabad District, Adilabad district, Telangana State, India
    1. Mathadi Vagu joins Satnala River near Chanda-T village, Aidilabad Rural Mandal
    2. Metta Vagu joins Sathnala River, near LindaSangvi Village, Adilabad Mandal
  4. Nallantiya Vagu joins Penganga River near Kura Village in Jainad Mandal in Adilabad District of Telangana State
  5. Khuni River joins Penganga on Maharashtra side near Kowtha Village in Mudhole Mandal in Adilabad District
  6. Khagdur Vagu joins Penganga River near Khagdur and Mangrool village, Bela Mandal, Adilabad district.
Major Irrigation Projects
Lower Penganga Project is an Interstate Project between the states of Maharashtra and Telangana State on Penganga River, which is a tributary of river Godavari. An understanding was reached between the states of Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh (Telangana State) on 6th October 1975 to take up Lower Penganga Project as an Inter State joint Project.

The head works are located near Tadsaoli Village in Ghatanji taluk of Yavathmal District in Maharashtra State. It is proposed to utilize 37.55 TMC of water for Maharashtra and 5.12 TMC for Telangana State. The Link Canal which takes off at KM 11.910 from Left Bank Canal runs for a length of about 90Kms to create irrigation potential for about 19,232 Ha (47,520 Acres) in Tribal and backward areas in the 4 mandals, viz. Tamsi, Adilabad, Jainath and Bela covering 89 villages of Adilabad District.

Barrage 1 at Rajapet
Barrage 2 at Rudha Renamed to chanakhakorata barrage 
Barrage 3 at Pimpard

Chanaka Korata barrage 
The barrage is 23 gates is located in Penganga at Chanaka village in Jainath mandal and Korata in Maharashtra. The barrage will irrigate 13,500 acres (5,500 ha) and 51,000 houses in 81 villages in Adilabad district

March 18, 2016 : Maharashtra and Telangana will sign MoUs for construction of five barrages; three barrages on Penganga at Rajapet, Chanaka-Korata and Pinpahad and two barrages on Godavari one at Tummadi Hatti and another at Medigadda. All are inter-state barrages. Out of five barrages, Chanaka-Korata, Tummadi Hatti and Medigadda will be constructed by the Telangana state and the remaining two will be constructed by Maharashtra government.

Jan 13, 2023 : Chanaka-Korata barrage gets environmental clearance
Sep 30, 2023 : Chanaka-korata Irrigation Project Wet Run Successful. The project has a capacity to irrigate over 50,000 acres in Adilabad.

Medium Irrigation Projects
Mathadivagu project is a medium irrigation project proposed across Mathadivagu near Waddai(V),Thamsi (M),Adilabad District under G7 Penganga Sub-Basin. The project envisages to provide Ayacut in 12 villages of Thamsi, Adilabad and Jainath Mandals of Adilabad District.

The project feeds the ayacut of 8500Acres in Thamsi, Adilabad and Jainath of Adilabad District

Villages benifited: Waddadi, Jamidi, Khapparala, Sawergaon, Bandal Nagapur, Bheemsari, Jamdapur, Chanda(T), Bhoraj, Sirsanna, Mallapur, Goatkuri, Dhimma

Status : Operation & Maintenance in Progress.
2006 : Year of Approval. The project was approved by Planning Commission, Government of India vide letter No.20(1)/2006-WR dated 27.6.2006 for an estimated cost of Rs.50.40 cr at 2004-05 price level.

The main components of the project are as under.

(i) Formation of 2.20 km long Earth Bund, with maxiumum height of 17.0 meter
(ii) Construction of 63.25 m long Ogee Spillway and Left Flank Regulator,
(iii) Construction of 13 km long Left Main Canal with CD&CM structures including lining of canal upto 13 km

March 2011 : The project was brought under AIBP during 2006-07 and upto March 2011, irrigation potential of 2024 hectare (5001 acres) is created.

June 1 2013: In case of Mathadi Vagu project, the railway crossing is the only obstacle that had to be tackled as most of the work is complete.Under the project 6,900 acres of land are being irrigated and once the project is completed another 1,600 acres will be irrigated.

Satnala or Sathnala project is a completed medium Irrigation Project across Sathnala river a tributary to Penganga river in Godavari Basin. The scheme is situated near Kanpa (V), Jainath (M) of Adilabad District at a distance of 185 KM from Adilabad town and Railway Station. The project envisages providing Irrigation facility to an extent of 9716 Ha. (24000 Acres) in Khariff comprising I.D. Cotton benfiting 25 villages in the area Jainath, Bela (M), Adilabad mandals.

Status : Operation & Maintenance in Progress
Started : 1977 
1986 : Partially Completed and was launched by the then Chief Minister N T Rama Rao irrigating 5000 acres.
2009 : The State government in 2009 had released Rs 43 crore for the construction of the two canals under the project to be completed in 32 months.The left canal was to begin from Kura to Deepaiguda villages and the right canal was to pass through Balapur and Akurla villages. With their work remaining incomplete, the digging of 18 mini-canals is going on at a snail’s pace.
Mar 9, 2015 : Two canals—the right and the left—were proposed. They remain incomplete even to this day, resulting in supply of irrigation water only to 5,000 acres. 

2018 Proposals
Kupti Project
Construction of Kupti multipurpose project near Kupti village in Neredigonda mandal in Adilabad district at an estimated cost of Rs 870 crore for the SSR 2017-18 to store 5.30 tmc ft of water for supplementation of the Kadam Reservoir. After a detailed investigation, the location of Kupti near National Highway-44 has been proposed to construction of the multipurpose project for the storage of 5.32 tmc ft with full reservoir level of 394 metre.

Pippalkoti barrage
Construction of reservoir with a storage capacity of 1.42 tmc ft at a cost of Rs 369 crore at Pippalkoti 

Gomutri Vagu Project
Gomutri with a storage capacity of 0.7 tmc will be taken up at an estimated cost of `215 crore.

Mountains
The Nirmal or Mahbub ghat is highest peak in Sahyadri parvat or Satnala range in Adilabad district. It is 264 metres (866 feet) high.

Forest
Adilabad has largest area under forest, followed by Khammam. However, in terms of percentage area under forest, Khammam stands first with 48.9 percent of total geographical area under forests, followed by Adilabad with 44.9 percent and Warangal with 28.88 percent.
Dry deciduous forests are important source of forest fuel and timber. Beedi leaves, bamboo and teak are found in these forests.
Blocks : Satnala, Mavala, Yapalguda I, Yapalguda II, Malkapur, Harkai, Dedra, 

Sacred Groves
  1. Adilabad Dankanapally Sacred Grove
  2. Adilabad Jainath Sacred Grove
  3. Adilabad Keslapur Sacred Grove
  4. Adilabad Kunthala Waterfalls Sacred Grove
  5. Adilabad Mahagoan Sacred Grove
  6. Adilabad Narnoor Sacred Grove
  7. Adilabad Pochara Falls Sacred Grove
  8. Adilabad Sadalpur Sacred Grove
  9. Adilabad Sirichelma Sacred Grove
  10. Adilabad Tangri Madra Sacred Grove
  11. Adilabad Yekantapur Sacred Grove
Climate and Rainfall
The climate of the district is characterized by hot summer and in generally dry except during the south-west monsoon season. The year may be divided into four seasons. The cold season from December to February is followed by the summer season from March to May. The period from june to september constitute the south west monsoon season, while October and November from the post monsoon season .

The rainfall in the district, in general increases from the south-west towards the north east. About 85% of annual rainfall is received during the south-west monsoon season. July being the peak rainy month. The variation in the Annual rainfall from year is not large. The normal Annual rainfall of the district is 1044.5mm .

There is a meterological obervatory, station at headquarters Adilabad. The cold weather commences towards the end of November when the temperature begins to fall rapidly. December is generally the coldest month, with the mean daily maximum temprature at about 29 C and the mininum daily is 15 C .

The relative humidities are high generally during the south-west monsoon season. The air is generally dry during the rest of the year, the district part of the year being the summer season when the humidity in the afternoon is 25% .

During the south-west monsoon season the sky is heavily clouded. There is rapid decrease of cloudings the post-monsoon season. In the rest year the sky is mostly clear of light clouded .

Winds are light to moderate with some strengthening in the period from May to August. During the post-monsoon and cold season, winds blow mostly from the east or north-east. By March, south westerlies and westerlies start blowing and continue during the rest of summer. The sought west monsoon season winds are mostly from directions between south-west and north west

Soil
Red and black soil are both found in Adilabad district though black soil predominates, accounting for almost 72% of the soil in the district. The mineral resources are mainly limestone and manganese ore .

District Composition
Area, Population and Other related characteristics

The district comprises an area of 4,153 square kilometres (1,603 sq mi).with a density of population of 170 persons per sq.km .There are 508 villages exist in Adilabad district.

As per 2011 census, the total population of the district is 7,08,972. It accounts for 2.01 percent of the total population of the state. The male population of the district is 3,56,407 and this forms 50.27% of the district and 2.02 percent of the state male population. Similarly the female population of the district is 3,52,565 and this form 49.73% of the district and 2.02 % of the state female population.

As per the latest 2011 census, the rural population of the district is 541226 which constitutes 76.34% of the district population and 2.52% to total of state rural population. Similarly the urban population of the district spread in 1 town is 1,67,746 constituting 23.66% of the district population at 1.23% of the state urban population.

As per 2011 census, the scheduled caste population of the district is 99,422 which is 14.02 % of the district population and 1.82% of the state scheduled caste population. Similarly the Scheduled Tribe population of the district is 2,24,622 which accounts for 31.68% of the district at 7.06% of the state scheduled tribe population.

The density of population of the district according to 2011 census is 170 persons per sq.km as against 312 persons per sq.km for the state. The literacy rate of the district is 63.46% as against 66.54% of the state literacy rate. The sex ratio of the district is 989 females per 1000 males as against 988 of the state

The district was for long not a homogenius unit and its component parts were ruled at different periods by nasties namely, the Mauryas, Staavahanas, Vakatakas, Chaludyasof Badami, Rashtrakututs, Chalukyas of Kalyani, Mughals, Bhosle Rajes of Nagpur and Asaf Jahis, besides the Gond Rajas of Sirpur and Chanda. 

Before the 10th century, this town was referred to as Edlawāḍa, i.e. 'Land of Oxen'. 
Later during the rule of Qutub Shahis it was referred to as Edlabad. 
Adilabad derives its name from the erstwhile ruler of Bijapur, Muhammad Yusuf Adil Shah

1158 AD - 1323 AD : Kakatiya Dynasty

c.1323 - 1750 AD : Sirpur Chanda Gond Dynasty

In 1872 it was part of Sirpur Tandur  sub district of Gond Rajas of  Sirpur and Chanda. 

In 1905 it was declared to be an independent district  of Nizam Hyderabad with a prominent headquarters
April 20, 1981 Indervelly or Indravelli massacre

In 2016, it was divided into four districts namely, Adilabad, Nirmal, Asifabad, Mancherial.



Mandals

Adilabad Revenue division
  1. Adilabad (urban) 
  2. Adilabad (rural) 
  3. Mavala
  4. Gudihatnoor
  5. Bazarhatnoor 
  6. Talamadugu
  7. Tamsi 
  8. Bela
  9. Boath 
  10. Jainad
  11. Ichoda 
  12. Neradigonda
  13. Sirikonda 
  14. Bheempur
Utnoor Revenue division
  1. Indervelly
  2. Narnoor
  3. Gadiguda
  4. Utnoor
Education
Average literacy rate of Adilabad city is 78.74 percent of which male and female literacy was 85.84 and 71.46 percent.

Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Adilabad

Sports
The youth in Adilabad is immensely talented. The tribal youth too has interest in various sports activities. However, more efforts are required from concerned departments to attract children and youth into sports.

Indira Priyadarshini Stadium
There is a swimming pool too in this stadium which is visited by all. Most of the children come for swimming during the vacations. It serves to rejuvenate them and also is a means of exercise. Monthly fees for this swimming pool is INR 400 for children and INR 500 for Adults. There is a swimming coach here and four life guards. The water in this swimming pool is regularly cleaned and chlorinated.
Swimming Pool Timings: 5.30 P.M. to 9.30 P.M.

Various sports events are held from time to time to encourage youth living in villages. For instance, Panchayat Yuva Kreeda aur Khel Abhiyan (PYKKA) holds such events in Priyadarshini stadium in Adilabad and sports persons from Adilabad and neighbouring places participate. The event is meant for youth below 18 years of age. Once selected at the mandal level, they become eligible to participate at the district level competitions. Weight lifting, athletics, kabaddi and taekwondo events are held during this sports selection in both girls and boys categories.

Mini Stadium (Utnoor)
Sports Complex in Shanti Nagar, Adilabad has a swimming pool, indoor stadium and wooden badminton court.

The District Sports Development Officer
District Sports Authority,
Adilabad - 504 001
Phone: 08742225846
Fax: 08742225848
Mail: dsa.adb@rediffmail.com

Parliament and Assembly Constituencies :
The district shares Adilabad parliamentary constituency and has 2 Assembly Constituencies Adilabad
and Boath (ST) of 119 constituencies in Telangana State.

Adilabad Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 17 Lok Sabha (Lower house of the Parliament) constituencies in the state of Telangana, India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. Assembly Constituencies : Sirpur, Asifabad, Khanapur, Adilabad, Boath, Nirmal and Mudhole 



Helpline
  • Control Room Collectorate : 1800-425-1939
  • State Control Room : 1070
  • Fire : 101
  • Medical Help line : 102 /108
  • Police: 100
  • BSNL Helpline :1503/ 1800-180-1503


https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/010418/telangana-government-gives-nod-for-reservoirs-in-kupti.html


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