Telangana360

XIX Part XIX: Miscellaneous Contains various provisions that don't fit neatly into other parts but are essential for the functioning of constitutional government. This part includes important immunities for constitutional authorities, provisions regarding disqualification, bar on interference in legal proceedings, and special provisions for certain states. Constitutional Immunities and Miscellaneous Provisions 361 Protection of President and Governors and Rajpramukhs (1) The President or Governor shall not be answerable to any court for the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of his office. (2) No criminal proceedings shall be instituted or continued against the President or Governor during his term of office. (3) No process for arres...

XVIII Part XVIII: Emergency Provisions Contains the most extraordinary powers granted to the Central Government during crises. This part provides for three types of emergencies: National Emergency (Article 352), State Emergency (President's Rule under Article 356), and Financial Emergency (Article 360). These provisions, often called the "constitutional dictatorship" clauses, temporarily concentrate power in the Union government to protect the nation's security, integrity, or financial stability. 1. National Emergency (Article 352) 352 Proclamation of Emergency (1) If the President is satisfied that a grave emergency exists whereby the security of India or any part thereof is threatened by war, external aggression or armed rebellion, he may issue a Proclamation of Emergenc...

XVII Part XVII: Official Language Contains provisions relating to the official language of the Union, regional languages, language of the Supreme Court and High Courts, and special directives for the development of Hindi. This part establishes a balanced language policy that recognizes India's linguistic diversity while promoting national integration through a common link language. Chapter I: Language of the Union 343 Official language of the Union (1) The official language of the Union shall be Hindi in Devanagari script . (2) Notwithstanding anything in clause (1), for a period of fifteen years from the commencement of this Constitution, the English language shall continue to be used for all the official purposes of the Union. (3) Parliament may by law provide for the use of the Englis...

XVI Part XVI: Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes Contains special provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes, particularly Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and Anglo-Indians. This part provides for reservation of seats in legislative bodies and special representation to ensure adequate political participation of these communities that have historically faced discrimination and disadvantage. Reservation in Legislative Bodies 330 Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People Seats shall be reserved in the House of the People (Lok Sabha) for: (a) the Scheduled Castes; (b) the Scheduled Tribes except the Scheduled Tribes in the autonomous districts of Assam; and (c) the Scheduled Tribes in t...