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Nagulapalli Ghatikasthala

Nagulapalli Ghatikasthala

The 11th Century University of the Permadi Chiefs

Established circa 1050 CE
Historical Foundation

The Nagulapalli Inscription reveals a sophisticated educational establishment (Ghatikasthala) flourishing under the Western Chalukyas. Unlike local temple schools, this was a regional center of higher learning supported by the Savalakkebada state revenue.

11th Century CE: University established under Western Chalukya patronage
Permadi Chiefs: Direct administration and funding
State Support: Sustained by Savalakkebada revenue system
The 122 Panditas

The university was home to an elite faculty described as the 122 Panditas. These scholars were not just priests, but masters of the Chaturvimsati-vidya (24 branches of knowledge).

Vedic Studies: Mastery of the four Vedas and their ritual applications (Shrauta).
Logic & Law: Instruction in Nyaya (Logic) and Dharmashastra (Legal codes) for administrative training.
Grammar: Advanced linguistic studies in Sanskrit, Kannada, and Telugu.
The "Vidyadana" Endowment

The survival of the university was tied directly to the Hiriya Kalwa. Pampa Permadi granted vast tracts of "Neerunela" (irrigated wetland) to the scholars. This Vidyadana (gift of knowledge) ensured that the teachers could focus on instruction without worldly want.

Endowment Details:
  • Irrigated wetland ("Neerunela") grants for sustainable income
  • Revenue from Hiriya Kalwa irrigation system
  • Tax-free status for scholars and university property
  • Direct patronage from Permadi chiefs and regional nobility
  • Guaranteed annual stipends for all 122 Panditas
Location Then & Now

Ancient Name: Nagulapalli (Kasavulanadu Heartland)

Modern Location: Nagulapally Village Sangareddy District, Telangana

Strategically located near the Manjira River, it served as the intellectual bridge between the capital at Koraprola and the southern expansion in Lambhulikinadu.

Water Source: Hiriya Kalwa irrigation system
Trade Route: Connected to major Chalukya centers
Terrain: Fertile river basin with irrigated wetlands

Geographical Significance

Heart of Kasavulanadu region

Near Manjira River basin

Strategic crossroads of trade and knowledge

~150 km from modern Hyderabad

Historical Significance

Nagulapalli Ghatikasthala represents one of the earliest documented universities in South India with a formal endowment structure. Its existence demonstrates:

Institutionalized Education: A move beyond guru-shishya parampara to structured higher learning
State Patronage: Systematic government support for education through revenue allocation
Multidisciplinary Approach: Integration of Vedic studies, logic, law, and languages in one institution
"Where the waters of the Hiriya Kalwa nourished both the soil and the mind, creating an oasis of learning in the 11th century Deccan."

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