Jogulamba Gadwal District History

Jogulamba Gadwal district is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. The administrative headquarters of the district is located at Gadwal. The district shares boundaries with Narayanpet, Wanaparthy districts and with the state boundary of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.

The district was carved out from Mahabubnagar district in 2016.

Part of Ayije-300 or Aize-300 or Ayaje-300 or Ayaja-300 in olden times.

c.550 AD - 753 AD : Badami Chalukyas (543 AD - 753 AD) 
Pulakeshin I defeated Vakataka Dynasty in c.550 AD. Pulakeshin II defeated Durjaya Dynasty in 611 AD and defeated Vishnukundins in 611 / 624 AD.

655 AD - 680 AD : Vikramaditya I 
Baladitya Maharaja
Vikramaditya I was the third son and followed his father, Pulakesi II on to the Chalukya throne. He restored order in the fractured kingdom and made the Pallavas retreat from the capital Vatapi.

30th April, 660 AD : Amidelpadu near Alampur.
Telugu-Kannada, (Script) and Sanskrit (Language).
Amudalapadu plates of Vikramaditya I, year 5

The object of the inscription is to restored the grant of the village of Iparumka, situated in Vamguravadi-vishaya, by Maharajadhiraja Paramesvara Vikramaditya Satyasraya Sri Prithivi Vallabha (i.e. Vikramaditya I), when he was stationed at the village of Marruva in favour of Sudarshanacharya in payment of guru-dakshina on the occasion of the king`s Siva-mandala-diksha on the full-moon day of Vaisakha in the fifth year of his reign.

The characters belong to the old Telugu-Kannada alphabet and closely resemble those of the published records of the issuer of the charter, viz. Chalukya Vikramaditya I (655-81 A.D.) of Badami. 

King Vikramaditya I, the issuer of the charter is stated to have overthrown, with the help of his charger Chitrakantha and his sharp sword, the three kings who were responsible for the disappearance of his father`s royal fortune and to have restored the properties belonging to gods and Brahmans in the kingdoms of the said three kings who had confiscated them. The above introductory part of the record is concluded with a stanza saying that king Anivarita- Vikaramaditya (i.e. Vikramaditya I) recovered the prosperity of his family as a result of his conquests over many adversaries in different directions. This verse is found in the earlier characters of the king, while the later Gadwal (674 A.D.) plates add to it four more stanzas referring to his success against his three adversaries belonging to the Pallava royal family of Kanchi.

It is clear that the Chalukya king underwent Saiva-diksha, i.e. initiation into the Saiva faith, at the hands of his guru or preceptor Sudrsanacharya who received the village as his dakshina or perquisite for the performance of the initiation ceremony. It is further stated that the Acharya distributed plots of land in the gift village among the following twentyseven Brahmanas: (1)Rudra Sivacharya of the Kasyapa gotra: (2)Gayatrisiva of the Kaundinya gotra; (3) Sivasvamin of the Harita gotra; (4) Gollabhatti of the Bharadvaja gotra; (5)Paramasiva of the same Bharadvaja gotra; (6) Vananasvamin of the Kaushika gotra; (7) Kesavasvamin of the same Kaushika gotra; (8) Kokilasvamin of the Maitreya gotra ; (9-10) Narayana and Vamana of the Kasyapa gotra; (11) Revasarman of the Samkrityyana gotra; (12-15) Rudrasarman, Revasarman, Adityasarman and Ttasarman of the Kasyapa gotra; (16-19) Bhimasarman, Durgasarman, Bhoyisarman and Badisarman of the Bharadvaja gotra; (20) Nagasarman of the Kaundinya gotra; (21) Brahmasarman of the Bharadvaja gotra; (22) Adityasarman of the Sandilya gotra; (23) Ravisvamin of the Kasyapa gotra; (24) Sravanasimhasarman of the Kaushika gotra: (25) Damasvamin of the Bhalandana gotra; (26) Damodarasvamin of the Kasyapa gotra; and (27) Mandusarman of the Bharadvaja gotra.

Of these Brahmanas, Sravanasimhasarman is stated to have received two shades or plots of land, probably implying thereby that the others received only one share each. It seems that one share of land was also allowed to Sudarshanacharya`s wife. There is little doubt that the said Saivite Brahmmanas assisted Sudarshanacharya in the celebration of the diksha ceremony of Vikramaditya I. it may me noted that the king’s guru Sudarshanacharya has been mentioned without the name of his gotra. This was possibly due either to an oversight of the scribe or of the enlarger, or because he was an assertive who had renounced the world. The first alternativeis more probable since Sudarshana`s wife seems to be mentioned in the record.

The Nausari plates of the feudatory prince Satyasraya Siladitya. Dated 671 A.D., mentions Vikramaditya I as a Paramamahesvara and meditates on the feet of Sri-Nagavardhana who is believed to have been a god or a religious teacher. It is not impossible that the king`s guru Sudarsana was the head of a Saiva religious order and that Nagavardhana was one of his successors in that position. But the Talamanchi plates of Vikramaditya I speak of one, Sri Meghacharya of the Vasistha gotra, as his svaikya- guru, This issue of the charter is under study. This may suggest that Sudarsanacharya was suggested as head of the order or organisation in question, soon after king’s initiation, by Meghacharya who was probably himself succeeded by Nagavardhan. It is interesting to note that Meghacharya and Nagavardhan are not mentioned in the list of Brahmins who were benefited by the grant under discussion and do not therefore appear to have taken part in the initiation ceremony of the Chalukya king. Alternatively, it may be suggested that Meghacharya was the king’s shiksha-guru just as Sudarsana was his diksha-guru, though in such a case his relationship with Nagavarsdhana cannot be determined.

Of the geographical names mentioned in the inscription, Vanavasi and Uttarapatha are well-known. As suggested by Sarma, the village of Maura where the king was staying at the time of making the grant, may be one of the two localities called Chinna Marruru and Pedda Marruru on the bank of the Krishna in the present Kollapuram Taluk of the Jogulamba Gadwal District. There is a ruined temple at Chinna Marruru. It seems that the king visited the village for his initiation ceremony and that Sudarsanacharya was a resident of the said locality. The name of the Vamguravadi vishya seems to be preserved in that of the modern village called Vamguru in the Kalvaparti Taluk of the same District, about 40 miles from the village called Marruru. Pandit Sarma who published the inscription in the Bharati is inclined to identify Iparumkal with the present village of Vipanagamdala about 10 miles from the localities named Marruru.

15th April, 675 AD : Velnalli (Gadwal Plates), Alampur Taluk
This inscription is on a pillar in the Arkabrahma temple. Registers the gift of land at the instance of Gangamahadevi, probably a queen of Vikramaditya I to Kunda Sarma son of Svami Vanda Sarma, and grandson of Isvara Shadangavitha of Kasyapa gotra. The grant comprises land measuring an extent of 25 nivartanas according to rajamana (royal measure). Alongside, 25 nivartanas of land were given to Batamma Swami son of Talamma Swami, and grandson of Mahesvara Svami belonging to Srivatsa gotra. The grant was executed by maha sandhi vigrahi Sri Jayasena.

Ramapuram, Waddepalle Mandal, Jogulamba Gadwal district.
Engraved inscription in telugu, belonging to the reign of Vikramaditya (I), records gifts of land to Sankarasvamin, Ayicha-sarman, Reva-sarman and others belonging to the various gotras by Baladitya-maharaja who was apparently a feudatory of the king.

680 AD - 696 AD : Vinayaditya
27th April, 682 A.D : This inscription describing as usual the genealogy of the Chalukya family of Badami, belongs to the reign of Vinayaditya. It is dated Saka 604 equated to 27th April, 682 A.D, the king’s second regnal year, Vaisakha purnima, when the king was in his military camp at Banumgal.

27th April, 682 A.D: Paniyal (Pallipadu), Alampur Taluk
Registers the grant of the village Paniyal (Pallipadu), to a certain Madhava swami, well versed in Vedas, who was the son of Godarisvami and grandson of Priyankarasvami of Bharadvaja gotra, while the king was camping in the city of Banamkallu, identified with modern Panagallu in Nalgonda District.

682 AD : Pallepadu, Jogulamba Gadwal District
This inscription1 describing as usual the genealogy of the Chalukya family of Badami, belongs to the reign of Vinayaditya. It is dated Saka 604, the king’s second regnal year, Vaisakha purnima, when the king was in his military camp at Banumgal. This date may be approximately equated to A.D. 682.

It records the endowment of the village Paneyal on the southern bank of the river Krishna benna to Madhava swami of Bharadvaja gotra, who was well versed in the study of the vedas. The gift was made at the request of Swami Sivaraja.

713 AD : Alampur Inscription
Telugu-Kannada and Siddhamatrika.
This inscription was dated in Saka 635 (A.D. 713) in the reign of the Western Chalukya king Vijayaditya Satyasraya, one of the epigraphs is biscriptal, one version written in the Siddhamatrika script and the other in the Telugu-Kannada alphabet (pl. LVI A). It records the construction of an enclosure by a certain Isanacharva.

Another epigraph belonging to the first regnal year of king Dharavarsha (Dhruva) records a gift of three hundred and sixty mattar of land to the goddess Durga-bhattaraki of Alampura and the construction of the main gateway (sri-vagilu), etc. and mentions Bala- varmarasa as administering Alampura and Somadi-bhatta as holding the matha-patya of the place.

733 AD 746 AD : Vikramaditya II
Son of King Vijayaditya and ascended the Badami Chalukya throne following the death of his father. This information comes from the Lakshmeshwar inscriptions in Kannada dated 13 January 735 A.D.

746 AD - 753 A.D : Kirtivarman II
Kirtivarman II also known as Rahappa succeeded his father Vikramaditya II. His reign was continuously troubled by the growing power of the Rashtrakutas and finally succumbed to them.

753 AD - 973 AD : Rashtrakuta defeated Badami Chalukyas in 753 AD.
Founder : Dantidurga
Capitals : Manyakheta
Languages : Kannada, Sanskrit
Religion : Jainism, Hinduism

753 AD - 756 AD : Dantidurga (735 AD - 756 AD) occupied all territories between the Godavari and Vima. Dantidurga is said to have conquered Kalinga, Kosala, Kanchi, Srisril, Malava, Lata etc.

756 AD - 774 AD : Krishna I
Dantidurga was succeeded by his uncle Krishna I. He conquered the territories that were still under the Chalukyas and thereby competed conquest of the Chalukya territories.

774 AD - 780 AD : Govinda II
Krishnaraja’s eventful career came to an end within a very short time and he was succeeded by his son Govindaraj who ruled for some time as Govinda II.

Alampur : This inscription is on a stone slab fixed in the Museum. The record relates to the period of Prabhuta Varsha Govinda II and states that a certain Srimara son of Botiya Begala caused the construction of a temple to the Sun god in Uttaresvara temple, for the prosperity of the emperor. The presence of this record in Alampur shows the advent of Rashtrakuta authority in this region.

780 AD - 793 AD : Dhruva brother of Govinda II
780 AD : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District
Telugu-Kannada and Siddhamatrika.
Epigraph belonging to the first regnal year of king Dharavarsha (Dhruva) records a gift of three hundred and sixty mattar of land to the goddess Durga-bhattaraki of Alampura and the construction of the main gateway (sri-vagilu), etc. and mentions Bala- varmarasa as administering Alampura and Somadi-bhatta as holding the matha-patya of the place.

793 AD - 814 AD : Govinda III
Dhruva was succeeded by Govinda III his son and with almost equal vigor as of his father.
Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District : This damaged inscription seems to refer to the construction of the shrine of the sun-god in the temple of Uttaresvara for the prosperity of the king Prabhutavarsha by Srimara son of Botiya Begala. Prabhutavarsha was the title assumed by three Rashtrakuta rulers of Malkhed, bearing the name Govinda. This was probably Govinda III (A.D. 792-814).

Alampur : This inscription is on a slab placed in the local museum. Damaged. Seems to record the construction of the shrine of the god Aditya in the Uttar vara temple by Srimara, son of Sabetiyabe. In characters of about the 9th Century.

926-27 AD : Kannada.
This Kannada inscription, engraved on the upper and lower frames of the Gaja-Lakshmi panel fixed into the wall of the mandapa near the Siva temple outside the village, is dated Saka 848. Sarvajit (A.D. 926-27) states that it was caused by Poravana-gavunda.

1051 AD : Gamgayya
21st October, A.D. 1051 : Alampur Museum
Telugu : The inscription is in another slab fixed in the Museum and it begins with a reference to the pontifical reign of Panchadasi Hataraka, the maha sthanadhipati (the chief priest) of the temple of Brahmesvaradeva, the lord of all the worlds, who manifested himself at Hatampuram (Alampur). Then it proceeds to state that while Trailokyamalladeva (Somesvara I) was ruling the kingdom of the earth, the Pandita Bhatara together with his son Pancharasi gifted, in the presence of the servants of Pancharasi-bhatara, to the Chaturjataka ascetic, some land and his house as a vritti on S. 973, Khara, Karttika Punpamu (su. 15) Somavara (Monday, 21st October, A.D. 1051; su. 14. expired at 46 and su. 15 commenced). The inscription is written by Gamgayya.

22th October A.D. 1051 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District
The epigraph commences with an allusion to the sway of Pancharasi Bhattaraka, Mahasthanadhipati of the god Brahmesvara, the sole lord of the universe, renowned through his manifestation in the excellent Hatampura.

The inscription next mentions the reign of the western Chalukya king Trailokyamalla Somesvara I. It cites the date Saka (973); Khara, Karttika Purnima, Monday, which may be equated to A.D. 1051, October 22, the weekday being Tuesday. It seems to register a gift by the attendants of pancharasi.

4th February, A.D. 1055. : Telugu and Sanskrit.
This inscription is dated S. 976, Jaya, Phalguna su. 5 Saturday, A.D. 1055, Feb. 4. Registers a gift of land Kasi (ganna ?) Bhoja by Somesvara rasi Bhattaraka, mahasthanapati of the god Brahmesvara.

Telugu Cholas of the Pedakallu branch

1056 AD - 1060 AD : Irugana Choda Maharaja
1056 AD : After this, Chidda-Chola appears as a feudatory of Somesvara II in a record of 1073-74 A.D. representing him as governing the four divisions called Kanne-300, Pedekal-300, Naruvadi-500 and Ayaje-300. It has been already observed that our inscription refers to him as governing the four divisions of which only Kanne-nadu is mentioned. The remaining three divisions were, therefore, Pedekal 800, Naruvadi-500 and Ayaje-300. It may be pointed out in this connection, that one Irugan chola of the same family appears as a feudatory of Somesvara I in the records of 1056-57 A.D. probably as governing the same four divisions while a certain Bijna-chola maharaja figures as governing the said divisions as a feudatory of Vikramaditya VI in 1078 A.D. 

19th January A.D. 1057 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District : Western Chalukya
This inscription refers to the reign of the Western Chalukya king Trailokyamalla Somesvara I. It is dated Saka 971, which is a mistake for 978, Durmukhi, Magha s`u. 11, Sunday. This corresponds to A.D. 1057, January 19.

The epigraph introduces the king’s feudatory Mahamandalesvara Irugana Chola- maharaja, of Karikala’s lineage. At the instance of this chief, his tolls officer, Sunka-vergade. Lokamanikasetti made a gift of income from specified tolls to the god Brahmesvara when Mahasthanadhipati Brahmarasi Bhattaraka was holding charge of the religious foundation.

1060 - 1078 AD : Chidda Cholamaharaja
Alampur  Inscription : The earliest mention of the chief which I have been able to trace occurs in a record of Somesvara I dated in 1059-60 A.D. when he was governing the Sindavadi-1000 division. Next he refers to it in a record of the same king dated in 1067-68 A.D. as governing the division of Ayaje-300.

2nd June A.D. 1060 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District
This inscription refers to the reign of the Western Chalukya king Trailokyamalla Somesvara I from Kalyana. It is dated Saka 98[2], Sarvari, Ashadha s`u. 1, Thursday. This date corresponds to A.D. 1060, June 2, the week-day being Friday.

It registers the endowment of land to Tribhuvanasakti Pandita of Papavinas’s for the education of ascetics, made by Pergada Davapayya on the occasion of the Pavitrarohana ceremony.

1067 AD : Of the inscriptions of the Later Chalukyas, one, dated Saka 989 (A.D. 1067) and belonging to the reign of king Trailokyamalladeva (Somesvara I) refers to his feudatory Maha- mandalesvara Chiddanachola-maharaja as governing Ayaje-300 and records a gift of three hundred gadyanas of gold at the rate of one gadyana fan each village in the said division to the temple of Brahmesvara at Alampura.

25th December A.D. 1067 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District 
This inscription commences with a description of the god Brahmesvara the sole lord of the universe, renowned through in the excellent Hantampura.

Next refers itself to the reign of the Western Chalukya king Trailokyamalla Somesvara I. It is dated Saka 989, Plavanga, Uttarayana-sankranti. In the said year Sankranti occurred on Pausha ba. 2 Tuesday, corresponding to A.D. 1067, December 25.

It introduced the king's feudatory Mahamandalesvara Chiddana Chola-Maharaja who was governing that tract of Ayaje-Three-Hundred. The epigraph records a gift of gold income to the god Brahmesvara of Alampur, adorning the western entrance of Sri Parvata, by Kosanaya, the Saudhore of the tract and other officials. The gift was received by Mahasthanadhipati Brahmarshi Bhattaraka of the religious establishment.

24th April A.D. 1073 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District 
After the usual invocation to the god Brahmesvara of Hatampura, this inscription refers to the reign of the Western-Chalukya king Bhuvanaikamalla Somesvara II from Bankapura. It is dated Saka 995, Pramadi, Vaisakha purnima, Monday lunar eclipse. This date corresponds to A.D. 1073, April 24, the week-day being Wednesday.

It introduces the king`s feudatory, Mahamandalesvara Chiddana Chola maharaja of Karikala`s lineage, who was governing the four tracts, comprising Kanne-Three-Hundred, Pedakal-Eignt-Hundred, Naravadi-Five-Hundred, and Ayaje-Three-Hundred.

The epigraph registers an endowment of land made by this chief to the god Brahmesvara of Alampur after leaving the feet of Mahasthanadhipati Brahmarasi Bhattaraka of the religious foundation.

28th December 1074 A.D. : Bichapalli, Alampur Taluk, Mahabubnagar district. : Western Chalukya.
Sanskrit and Kannada.
The date of the inscription occurs in lines 25-33 as Saka 996, Ananda, Pushya su. 8, Sunday. The date corresponds to the 28th December 1074 A.D. king's feudatory Mahamandalesvara Chidda-cholamabaraja as governing the four divisions, of which only the Kanne-nadu is mentioned, after obtaining them, evidently from the king, as a fief called vila-vritti, the exact significance of which is not known. The chief is stated to have undertaken an expedition (dig- vijaga) against a certain Seguna probably Seunachandra II (1050 AD - 1074 AD) and to have defeated and captured him.

1075 AD - 1076 AD Two other inscriptions, both belonging to the reign of Bhuvanaikamalla (Somesvara II), are dated Saka 997 (A.D. 1075) and 998 (A.D. 1076) respectively. 
The former mentions Mahamandalesvara Chiddanachola-maharaja as the feudatory governing Kanne-300, while the latter refers to Dandanayaka Naranamayya of Vatsa-kula. 

9th April A.D. 1076 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District 
This inscription commences with a description of the god Brahmesvara, the sole lord of the universe, renowned through his manifestation in the excellent Hatampura.

Next it refers to the reign of the Western Chalukya king Bhuvanaikamalla Somesvara II. It is dated Saka 998, Nala, Vaisakha s`u. 3, Sunday. This date corresponds to A.D. 1076, April 9, the week-day being Saturday.

It registers gift of income from Vaddaravula tax in the four regions to the god Brahmesvara of Alampur, adorning the western entrance of Sri Parvata by Dandanayaka Naranamayya, officer in charge of Vaddaravula. The gift was received by Mahasthanadhipati (superintendent of the great religious establishment) Brahmarasi Bhattaraka.

1078 AD : A fourth epigraph belonging to king Tribhuvanamalla (Vikramaditya VI) is dated in the Chalukya-Vikrama year 2 (A.D. 1077-78) and mentions the king's feuda-tory Malla- maharaja of the Vaidumba family, who was governing Ayaje-300. These subordinates of the king figure in the epigraphs as donors to the temple of Brahmesvara at Alampura.

1078 AD - 1081 AD: Malla Maharaja of Vaidumba Family
He is said to be the lord of Kalukadapura governing the district of Ayaje three hundred. 
25th December, A.D. 1078 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District 
After extolling the god Brahmesvara as usual, the inscription refers to the reign of the Western Chalukya king Tribhuvanamalla Vikramaditya VI. It is dated the Chalukya-Vikrama year 2, Kalayukta, Pushya ba. 3, Monday, Uttarayana-Sankranti. The said Sankranti in the specified year occurred on A.D. 1078, December 25, one day later than the details cited.

The epigraph introduces the king's feudatory Mahamandalesvara Mall Maharaja of the Vaidumba family, lord of the foremost town of Kalkade, who was governing the tract of Ayaje- Three-Hundred. It registers an endowment to Somesvara-rasi Bhattaraka, Mahasthanadhipati of the religious foundation, for the benefit of the god Brahmesvara of Alampur.

20th June A.D. 1080 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District : Western Chalukya
After praising the god Brahmesvara as usual, the inscription refers to the reign of the Western Chalukya king Tribhuvanamalla Vikramaditya VI from Kalyana. It cites the Chalukya-Vikrama year (lost), Raudri, Jyeshtha amavasya, solar eclipse. In the said cyclic year during the king's reign, the solar eclipse, as specified, occurred on A.D. 1080, June 20.

It introduces with a string of epithets the king`s feudatory, Mahamandalesvara Malla- maharaja of the vaidumba family, lord of the foremost town of Kalukade who was administering the district of Ayaje-Three-Hundred. The charter seems to register the gift of a village to Mahasthanadhipati Brahmarasi Bhattaraka for the benefit of the god Brahmesvara of Alampur. The epigraph being damaged, some details are lost.

1081 AD  - 1089 AD : Hallavarasa
27th December A.D. 1087 : Puduru, Gadwal 
This inscription is on a slab in the outskirts of the village. States that while Tribhuvanamalla Vikramaditya VI was ruling in happiness the kingdom of the earth from his Nelevidu at Kalyana, his subordinate mahamandalesvara Hallavarasar installed an image of Parsvanatha and granted the land which was kept in the hands of Jain preceptor Padmanandi Muladhara.

25th, December A.D. 1087 : Pudur, Jogulamba Gadwal District.
This inscription refers to the reign of the Western Chalukya king Tribhuvanamallla Vikramaditya VI from Kalyanapura. It is dated the Chalukya Vikrama year [11] Prabhava, Pushya amavasya, Sunday, Uttarayana Sankranti. This year's date is irregular. In the said cyclic year the Sankranti occurred on Pausha ba. 13, Saturday, corresponding to A.D. 1087, December 25.

It introduces the King's feudatory Mahamandalesvara Hallavarasa of Pundur, who was Jaina by persuasion and assumed the characteristic titles, Master of the throne of Ayodhya and Lord of Kembukundurpura. This chief made gifts of land, graden’s, house-sites, etc. to the Pallava Jinalaya of Dravila Sangha by laying the feet of his preceptor Kanakasena Bhattaraka.

1089AD : Vallabarasa
A.D. 1089 (C.V. Prabhava, Telangana Ins. No. cha.28) we find a record of Chalukya Vikramaditya VI, mentioning a subordinate called Mahamandalesvara Vallabarasa, granting lands.

1097 AD - 1110 AD : Mallarasa or Mallikarjunachoda brother of Tonda II
Lord of Kodurapura
16th January A.D. 1097 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District
After the usual invocation to the god Brahmesvara of Hatampura, this damaged inscription refers itself to the reign of the Western Chalukya king Tribhuvanamalla Vikramaditya VI. It is dated the Chalukya-Vikrama year 21, Dhatu, Magha s`u (1), Friday, solar eclipse. In the specified year, a solar eclipse occurred on Pushya Amavasya, Friday. This would be equivalent to A.D. 1097, January 16.

It introduces the king's feudatory Mahamandalesvara (Malla ?)ya Cholamaharaja, of Karikala`s lineage. The epigraph records an endowment made by this chief to the god Brahmesvara of Alampur by laving the feet of Mahasthanadhipati Brahmarasi Bhattaraka of the religious foundation.

27th December A.D. 1106 : Alampur.
This inscription is on a slab set up in front of Bala Brahma temple. Records the gift of Pedakallu-800 by mahamandalesvara Ghaṭiyanka Kara Cholamaharaja, for anga and ranga bhoga, repairs, renovation and white washing, the daily rituals of God Brahmesvaradeva as sarvanamasya after washing the feet of mahasthanadhipati Dharanindra rasi pandita.

25th December A.D. 1107 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District : Western Chalukya
This inscription refers to the reign of the Western Chalukya king Tribhuvanamalla Vikramaditya VI. It is dated the Chalukya-Vikrama year 32, Sarvajit, Uttarayana-Sankranti. In the specified year the said Sankranti occurred on A.D. 1107, December 25, Wednesday. It introduces the king's feudatory Mahamandalesvara Mallarasa, lord of the foremost town of Kodur, this chief made a gift of the income accruing from certain taxes and fines collected in the village Kandanavolal on the Tungabhadra to the god Brashmesvara of Alampur after leaving the feet of Mahasthanadhipati Dharanindrarasi Pandita of the religious foundation. Kandanavolal is apparently modern Kurnool.

1107 AD : Alampur
This is a Telugu Chola inscription of the time of Tribhuvanamalla Vikramaditya VI of the Western Chilukyas of Kalyani dated in the Chilukya Vikrama year, 31 Vyaya, Uttarayana Sankranti from a stone slab unearthed recently near the Balabrahmesvara temple in the village of Alampur
Registers a grant of land, a village whose name is lost (la..madu) in Pedakallu-500 for the worship of the god and for the maintenance of the temple Brahmēsvara at Alampur, entrusted to the care of the priest of the place (? stanadhipati) Dharanindrarási Pandita, after washing his feet.

1110 AD : Chikkarasa of Jimutavahana family - Silahara chiefs
25th December A.D. 1110 : Alampur.
This inscription is on a slab in the local museum, dated Chalukya. Vikrama 35, Vikriti, Pushya, su. 13, Monday, Uttarayana. Sankranti=1110 A.D., December 25. The weekday, however, was Sunday. Damaged. Records some gift to the same god by Mahamandalesvara Chikkarasa of the Jimutavahana family at the instance of the chief queen. Dharanindrarasi- bhattaraka was the recipient of the gift.

1110 AD - 1112 AD : Mahamandalesvara Bikkarasa of Jimutavahana-kula, the lord of Tagarapura - Silahara chiefs
22th December A.D. 1110 : Alampur.
This inscription is on a slab lying in the Museum. Damaged. This inscription states that by an order of the latter, mahamandalesvara Bikkarasa of Jimutavahana-kula, the lord of Tagarapura, having washed the feet of Dharan indra rasi pandita, the mahasthanadhipati of Brahmesvaradeva temple made some gift for the anga-bhoga to the god. The record was engraved by Sarvasi Bhatta.

1112 AD : Alampur Museum,
This inscription is on a slab fixed in the Museum. Damaged. The inscription opens with an invocation of Brahmesvaradeva; then, it mentions Western Chalukya king Tribhuvanamalladeva and his chief queen; next, it proceeds to state that by an order of the latter, Mahamandalesvara Bikkarasa of Jimutavahana-kula, the lord of Tagarapura, having washed the feet of Dharanindrarasi Pandita, the mahasthanadhipati of Brahmesvaradeva's temple made some gift in C.V. 35 Vikriti, Pushya su. 10. So..........Uttarayana sankranti (A.D.1112) for the anga-bhoga of the god

1112 AD - 1116 AD : Mallarasa lord of Kodurapura
1114-1115 AD : Alampur
This inscription is at the main entrance of Brahmesvaralaya. It records a gift for the renovation, white washing, anga - bhogas and five rituals of the God Brahmesvara deva, to Sthanadhipati Vitaranendra rasi pandita by mahamandalesvara Sri Mallarasa.


1136 AD - 1154 AD: Pallava III or Hallavarasa of Pundur
Pallava II or Dekabbarasi
Govindara or Ketalambarasi 

1136 AD : Two of them from Maddurum in Kannada, refer to maha-pradhana danda-navaka Rudrabhattopadhyaya as the aradhya of the king, i.e. Vikramaditya VI of the Chalukya family, and governor of Ayije-300 division. Maha-samanta Hallavarasa of Pundur and maha- mandalesvara Kavana-chola-maharaja of the Telugu-Choda family figure in two other records as the feudatories of the same king. The former of these two made a gift of land in Madduru and Rekaluru for worship of the god Chintaka-Rechesvara and also for the maintenance of musicians and artists.

25th June A.D. 1151 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District
This inscription is from the two sides of a pillar from Yoga-Narasimha temple. Records a gift of land to god Madhavadeva by Chakama, wife of Nagadeva-nayaka who was the padihara (pratihara) of Mahamandalesvara Hallavarasa.

26th June A.D. 1151 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District
Trihuvanamalla, Tailapa III
This inscription refers to the reign of Western Chalukya king Tribhuvanamalla. It is dated Saka 1075, Prajapati, Ashadha s.u. 11, Monday. The Saka year cited must be a mistake for 1073. In the cyclic year rajapati, the said tithi occurred on A.D. 1151, June 26, the week- day being Tuesday. Tribhuvanamalla was the familiar title of Vikramaditya VI; but he does not seem to have been ment here. Unless it is a clerical error, the other possibilities would be to treat this title as referring to either Jagadekamalla II (A.D. 1138-51) or his son Taila III (A.D. 1151-62).

The epigraph registers a gift of land to the god Madhava, made Chakama, wife of Nagadeva-nayaka holding the office of door-keeper of Mahamandalesvara Hallavarasa.

1153 AD : Alampur,
This inscription is dated S. 1075 (mistake for 1073), Prajapati. Registers a gift of land to god Madhava by Chakama, wife of Nagadeva Nayaka holding the office of door keeper of Mahamandalesvara Hallavarasa.

1164 AD - 1181 AD : Kalachuri dynasty of Kalyani
1180 AD - 1183 AD : Ahavamalla
11th January, A.D. 1182 : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District :
This inscription is of the time of the Kalachuri king Ahavamalla, son of Bijjala. It cites the date, his 4th regnal year, Magha s.u. 5, Monday. This date regularly corresponds to A.D. 1182, January 11.

It states that the representatives of the trading corporation of Ayyavale-Five-Hundred, Ubhaya-Nanadesis, Mummuridandas of Thirty-six Bidus, Kannada-Four-Thousand and the chief men of the business centres like Trumbula, Gobbur, Maddur and Alampur, assembled in a conference and made the gift of income derived from tools on various transactions to the Gavaresvara Kesava-rasi, Sthanapati of the temple received the gift.

1199 AD - 1253 AD : Cheraku Bolla II or Cheraku Bollayya Reddy
1262 AD : Alampur inscription records the renovation of a pillar (kambam) of the temple of Brahmesvaradeva by Bammisetti for the merit of Cheraku-Murari Ketaya, Danay-Murari Immadi-Devaya, Dushtarankusa Annaya and Jagadala Marayya.

1253 AD - 1265 AD : Immadi Visvanatha son of Cheraku Bollayya or Bolla II

1265 AD - 1270 AD : Immadi Devaya II son of Immadi Visvanatha

1271 AD - 1305 AD : Immadi Bolla IV

1336 AD - 1485 AD : Sangama Dynasty of Vijayanagara
Founded of Harihara and Bukka

1422 AD - 1424 AD : Vira Vijaya Bukka Raya 
1424 AD - 1446 AD : Deva Raya II 

1446 AD - 1468 AD : Mallikarjuna Raya
1464 AD : Alampur 
This inscription is dated S. 1386 (9), Sarvajit, Magha, ba. 14, Monday, Sivaratri. Records the gift of the village Sarangapura to the head of the religious establishment of Sarangesvara Matha viz, Peddakuppasakanthadeva by Pedakachappodaya at the command of the king. The gift estate was approved by Kadali Bhikshavrtti Ayyangaru, the pontiff of Srisaila throne, by crediting 500 varahas into the treasury of Mallikarjuna.

1467 A.D : Alampur
This inscription is of the time of the Vijayanagara king Mallikarjuna. It is dated Saka 138[9], Sarvajit, Magha ba. 14, Mondy, Sivaratri. This date regularly corresponds to February 22. The epigraph records the endowment of the village Sarangapura to the head of the religious establishment of Sarangesvara-matha, Viz. Peddakuppa-sakanthadeva by Peda Kachapppodeya at the command of the king. The gift estate was purchased earlier with the approval of Kadali-Bhikshavritti-Ayyangaru, the pontiff of the Srisaila throne, by creaditing 500 varahas into the treasury of the god Mallikarjuna

27th February A.D. 1468 : Alampur
On the command of Mallikarjuna Raya and with the permission of Kadali biksha vritti lyyengar seated on Srisaila simhasana Peda Kachappodayalu garu, constructed a village called Sarangapura in the fields of Naramarilla and made it over to Kemidevuni veerayya, the Saranga matadhipati for the merit of his guru and parents.

1465 AD - 1485 AD : Virupaksha Raya II 

Vijayanagara Empire (Saluva dynasty) 
1485 - 1491 : Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya 
1491 AD - 1505 AD : Narasimha Raya II or Immadi Narasimha
29th February A.D. 1504.  : Wanaparthy

Vijayanagara Empire (Tuluva dynasty) 
1505 AD - 1509 AD : Viranarasimha Raya
1509 AD - 1529 AD : Sri Krishna Deva Raya 
Gaura Danayanka Basavapayya
4th May, A.D. 1516  : Nelakondapalli, Khammamet taluk
The following inscription is on three sides of a pillar now planted in the compound of the local library at Nelakondapalli. It is in Telugu prose and records the grant of land to some shrines in Kondapalli, on the orders of Kondamarusayya, who ruled in this region as governor in the reign of Krsna-deva-raya of Vijayanagara.

The actual reconquest by the Gajapati king is proved by the fact that this region was in his Kingdom at the time of Krsna-deva-raya's invasion. Nalagonda (modern Nalgonda), Khammamet. and Khandikonda (Mabbababad  district), are referred to among others, important places in the Gajapati kingdom which Krsna-deva-raya captured.

16th January, 1521 A.D.  : Alampur, Jogulamba Gadwal District
This inscription refers to the Vijayanagara king Vira-Krishnaraya and cites the date Saka 1443, Vrisha, Ashadha s`u. 12. This corresponds to A.D. 1521, January 16, the week-day being Sunday, not mentioned in the record. The epigraph records the endowment of two villages, Chennunipadi and Velampadu, to the god Brahmesvara of Alampur by Gauradanayamkara Narayana of Harita gotra for the religious merit of the king. The gift was made at the instance of Gauradanayamkara Basavapayya who was invested with the authority of Ambaradananayaka over Alampuru-sime by Vira-Krishnaraya after the letter`s subjugation of Rachuru as a result of his successful military campaign in the north.

The god Brahmesvara also called Bala-Brahmesvara, is described in this record as having manifested himself in the excellent Alampur. This statement establishes the identity of Hatampura in other records with Alampur. This place is mentioned as Dakshina Varanasi and Kasi-kshetra on the bank of the Tungabhadra. 

3rd March A.D. 1527 : Alampur
It is a copper plate at Brahmesvara temple. Registers the gift of a village Chennupalli of Alampura sima, for anga ranga vaibhava of Navabrahmesvara by Chinnapeddinayudu, son of Bhudaram Peddinayudu,. Śrī krishnadevaraya Chinnapeddinayudu a palegar of Alampur sima.

23rd April A.D. 1529. : Alampur
This inscription is on the slab in the compound of Chennakesava temple. Records the gift of village Pusalapadu also known as Krishnapuram in Alampuri sima, for the Amuruta padi of Chennakesavadeva of Chennipadu on lunar eclipse by Chandrasekharayya son of Annaji Ayya, for the merit of his over lord Krishnadevaraya of Vijayanagara and his minister Timmarasayya. The record ends with lengthy imprecatory verses.

Bukka Polavi Reddy


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