Telangana360

The Gona or Kona dynasty (c. 1190–1294 CE) were Haihaya/Kayastha descendants who became prominent feudatories of the Kakatiya kings in Telangana. They ruled over Kandur-nāḍu and surrounding tracts, with Vardhamanapura (Mahabubnagar) and Budapuram (Bhoothpur) as their main centers. The dynasty is sometimes referred to as the Gona Kayasthas Claiming descent from Kartaviryarjuna of Mahishmati, the Gonas combined military prowess, administrative skill, and literary patronage. Notable rulers like Gona Budha Reddy and Gona Ganna Reddy were both warriors and patrons of Telugu literature, with Budha Reddy composing the first Telugu Ramayanam (Ranganatha Ramayanam)and his family contributing to its completion. The dynasty played a key role in consolidating Kakatiya authority in Telangana, defended strategic territories against rivals like the Seuna Yadavas, and left a lasting legacy in Telugu literature, temple patronage, and regional governance. Territorial Scope Their inscriptions show au...

The Malyala Chiefs: The Sword-Arm of the Kakatiyas Overview: The Malyala dynasty (1076 – 1276 CE) was a formidable line of military commanders ( Senani ) and feudal lords. They were the premier "Sword-Arm" of the Kakatiya Empire, responsible for pivotal victories in Coastal Andhra and the management of strategic southern frontiers. Capitals: Sankisapura (Dornakal) and Vardhamanapura (Bhoothpur). Key Forts: Kondaparthi, Dharanikota, Budapuram. 1. Origins and Rise The dynasty rose during the Western Chalukya era with Danna Senani . They were initially "Lords of the Town of Malyala" before being granted larger territories. Following their success as king-makers and protectors, the family expanded into two strategic branches to manage the growing Kakatiya borders. 2. The Lineage of Rulers Danna Senani c. 1150 CE The Dynastic Founder: Known as the "Lord of the town of Malyala,...

The Cheraku Chiefs (1085 CE - 1323 CE)were a powerful and influential feudatory dynasty in the Deccan, originating from the town of Cheraku in the Eruva region. They began as subordinates to the Kandur Cholas but strategically shifted their allegiance to the rising Kakatiya dynasty, becoming one of their most crucial military and administrative pillars. Their history, spanning over two centuries, is intricately woven into the expansion and consolidation of the Kakatiya Empire. Cheraku-70 included in the Irrama-300 , of Kanduru-1100 bada. Founder: Kata I Capitals : Jammulur (Nalgonda) and Amarabad (Mahabubnagar) regions.  Language: Telugu Rule :  Subordinates for Kandur Chodas and later Kakatiyas Key Historical Significance The Cheraku Chiefs exemplify the complex feudal structure of the Deccan. They were not merely passive subordinates but active agents who shaped regional politics. Their history demonstrates the fluidity of loyalty, the importance of military service in climb...

1. Aiyyavolu-500 Guild Inscriptions Appanapalli (Kadumuru) Inscription Date: A.D. 1181 | Reign: Kalachuri King Ahavamalla Elders of the Aiyyavolu 500, 36 Beedu of Mummari, and Ubhaya Nanadesis of Kannada Navaka 1000 granted gifts to god Somesvara. [Vol-I, 493] Alampur Gavaresvara Inscription Date: A.D. 1182 | Reign: Kalachuri King Ahavamalla Representatives of Ayyavale-500, Ubhaya-Nanadesis, and Mummuri Dandas assembled as a Mahanadu at Alampur. Granted income from taxes and tolls to god Gavaresvara. [Vol-I, 495] Alampur Gauresvara Inscription Date: A.D. 1299 | Reign: Kakatiya King Prataparudra The guild purchased 5 marttars of land from Sthanadhipatis and granted it to god Gauresvara. Mentions members Mummadi Brammi-setti and Pruthvi-setti. [Vol-II, 1130] 2. Inscriptions at the Locality of Ayyanavolu Satyasraya Period Record Date: A.D. 1006 | Reign: Irivabedamga S...

Mahabubnagar, formerly known as Rukmammapeta and Palamooru is a city in Mahabubnagar District of the Indian state of Telangana named after the 6th Nizam, Mahboob Ali Khan. Palamoor district belongs to "Asmaka" Janapada, which belongs to 6th century BC. According to Mahabharatha "Ashmaka" Janapada belongs to "Dakshinapatham" (Southern Part). Its capital was "POUDANYANAGARA" and later it is known as "Mulikinadu". According to Mahabharata Agastya Maharshi passed to Dakshinapatha and established a shiva temple known as "Agastheeswara Temple" on the banks of river Krishna (near to Kollapur). 304 BC - 232 BC : Great Emperor Ashoka This region was southernmost land in the Asoka's Empire in 250 BC. We find many inscriptions of Asoka near by Palamoor ,"Maski" of Raichur district of Karnataka, Erragudi of Kurnool District. 221 BC - 218 AD : Satavahana Dynasty Sathavahanas are the first Telugu rulers who ruled the south Ind...

Kallakelagu-500 (Kelagu-500) in Mahabubnagar Administrative and Religious Profile of Medieval Telangana Territorial Framework Division: A "500" administrative unit under the Western Chalukyas of Kalyana . Capital: Ujjivolal (Modern Ujjili, Mahabubnagar District ). Primary Overlap (Core Area) Mahabubnagar District: This is the heart of the division. The capital, Ujjivolal (modern Ujjili ), is located here in the Tharoor Mandal . Jogulamba Gadwal District: Many inscriptions associated with this division, including those at Appanapalli , are located in areas that were part of the original Mahabubnagar district but now fall within the boundaries of Jogulamba Gadwal. Secondary Overlap (Extended Territory) Given that medieval divisions were based on revenue units or clusters of villages (the "500" designation), the territory likely extends into: Wanaparthy District: Positioned between Mahabubnagar and Jogulamba Gadwal, it historica...

The Kanduri Chodas ( c. 1020 CE - c.1290 CE ) were a significant Telugu-speaking dynasty. While founded in the mid-11th century, their period of rule over the expansive realm of Kandurunadu (1100 villages) lasted from 1076 CE to 1224 CE. They presented themselves as descendants of the legendary Chola king Karikala. Their strategically located kingdom straddled south banks of the Krishna River, south of the Kakatiya territory. Eruvanadu was part of the southern bank of the Krishna River, in the region historically known as Eruva. They served as feudatories to larger empires, primarily the Western Chalukyas of Kalyana and later the Kakatiyas, while often asserting their autonomy. Their period of sovereign rule over Kandurunadu effectively ended in 1224 CE when the Kakatiya emperor Ganapatideva formally transferred its governance to his loyal general, Gona Ganapayya. While the last Kanduri Choda kings continued to issue inscriptions as local figureheads from their residual lands until aro...